Article
This article is dedicated to Lithuanian number theorist Professor Antanas Laurinˇcikas on
the occasion of his 70th birthday. We sketch the main stages in the development of his scientific
career. Although A. Laurinˇcikas started with probabilistic number theory, later on he became
one of the leading world scientists in the theory of zeta-functions, especially concerning their
universality. In the review we give a brief account of his pre-university life and the development
of his career as a mathematician from the time he entered Vilnius University. We review some
results of Antanas starting with early ones and then higlight the main results. At the end a list
of scientific publications of A. Laurinˇcikas is presented.
The paper studies the Zeta function $$\zeta(M(p_1,p_2)|\alpha)$$ of the monoid $$M (p_1,p_2)$$ generated by Prime numbers $$p_1<p_2$$ of the form 3n+2. Next,the main monoid $$M_{3,1}(p_1,p_2)\subset M(p_1,p_2)$$ and the main set $$ A_{3,1}(p_1,p_2)= M(p_1,p_2)\setminus M_{3,1}(p_1, p_2)$$ are distinguished. For the corresponding Zeta functions, explicit finite formulas are found that give an analytic continuation on the entire complex plane except for the countable set of poles. Inverse series for these Zeta functions and functional equations are found.
The paper gives definitions of three new types of monoids of natural numbers with a unique decomposition into simple elements: monoids of degrees, Euler monoids modulo q and unit monoids modulo q. Provided the expression of the Zeta functions using the Euler product.
The paper discusses the effect Davenport-Heilbronn Zeta-functions of monoids of natural numbers that is associated with the appearance of zeros of the Zeta-functions of terms obtained by the classes of residues modulo.
For monoids with an exponential sequence of primes, the barrier series hypothesis is proved and it is shown that the holomorphic domain of the Zeta function of such a monoid is the complex half-plane to the right of the imaginary axis.
In conclusion, topical problems with zeta-functions of monoids of natural numbers that require further investigation are considered.
For every monoid M of natural numbers defined a new class of periodic functions $$M_s^\alpha$$, which is a subclass of a known class of periodic functions Korobov $$E_s^\alpha$$. With respect to the norm $$\|f(\vec{x})\|_{E_s^\alpha}$$, the class $$M_s^\alpha$$ is an inseparable Banach subspace of class $$E_s^\alpha$$.
It is established that the class $$M_s^\alpha$$ is closed with respect to the action of the Fredholm integral operator and the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is solvable on this class.
In this paper we obtain estimates of the image norm of the integral operator, which contain the kernel norm and the s-th degree of the Zeta function of the monoid M. Estimates are obtained for the parameter $$\lambda$$, in which the integral operator $$A_{\lambda,f}$$ is a compression. The theorem on the representation of the unique solution of Fredholm integral equation of the second kind in the form of Neumann series is proved.
The paper deals with the problems of solving the partial differential equation with the differential operator $$Q\left(\frac{\partial }{\partial x_1},\ldots,\frac{\partial }{\partial x_s}\right)$$ in the space $$M^\alpha_{s}$$, which depends on the arithmetic properties of the spectrum of this operator.
A paradoxical fact is found that for a monoid $$M_{q,1}$$ of numbers comparable to 1 modulo q, a quadrature formula with a parallelepiped grid for an admissible set of coefficients modulo q is exact on the class $$M_{q,1,s}^\alpha$$. Moreover, this statement remains true for the class $$M_{q,a,s}^\alpha$$ with 1 < a < q when q is a Prime number. Since the functions of class $$M_{q,a,s}^\alpha$$ with 1 < a < q do not have a zero Fourier coefficient $$C(\vec{0})$$, then for a simple q the sum of the function values at the nodes of the corresponding parallelepipedal grid will be zero.
In this paper, for an arbitrary monoid of natural numbers, the foundations of the Dirichlet series algebra are constructed either over a numerical field or over a ring of integers of an algebraic numerical field.
For any numerical field $$\mathbb{K}$$, it is shown that the set $$\mathbb{D}^*(M)_{\mathbb{K}}$$ of all reversible Dirichlet series of $$\mathbb{D}(M)_{\mathbb{K}}$$ is an infinite Abelian group consisting of series whose first coefficient is nonzero.
We introduce the notion of an integer Dirichlet monoid of natural numbers that form an algebra over a ring of algebraic integers $$\mathbb{Z}_\mathbb{K}$$ of the algebraic field $$\mathbb{K}$$. It is shown that for a group $$\mathbb{U}_\mathbb{K}$$ of algebraic units of the ring of algebraic integers of $$\mathbb{Z}_\mathbb{K}$$ an algebraic field $$\mathbb{K}$$ the set of $$\mathbb{D}(M)_{\mathbb{U}_\mathbb{K}}$$ of entire Dirichlet series, $$a(1)\in\mathbb{U}_\mathbb{K}$$, is multiplicative group.
For any Dirichlet series from the Dirichlet series algebra of a monoid of natural numbers, the reduced series, the irreversible part and the additional series are determined. A formula for decomposition of an arbitrary Dirichlet series into the product of the reduced series and a construction of an irreversible part and an additional series is found.
For any monoid of natural numbers allocated to the algebra of Dirichlet series, convergent in the entire complex domain. The Dirichlet series algebra with a given half-plane of absolute convergence is also constructed. It is shown that for any nontrivial monoid M and for any real $$\sigma_0$$, there is an infinite set of Dirichlet series of $$\mathbb{D}(M)$$ such that the domain of their holomorphism is $$\alpha$$-half-plane $$\sigma>\sigma_0$$.
With the help of the universality theorem S. M. Voronin managed to prove the weak form of the universality theorem for a wide class of Zeta functions of monoids of natural numbers.
In conclusion describes the actual problem with the Zeta functions of monoids of natural numbers that require further research. In particular, if the Linnik-Ibrahimov hypothesis is true, then a strong theorem of universality should be valid for them.
Let $$x_0,x_1,...$$ be a sequence of points in $$[0,1)^s$$. A subset $$S$$ of $$[0,1)^s$$ is called a bounded remainder set if there exist two real numbers a and C such that, for every integer N, %We say that $$S \subset [0,1)^s$$ is a bounded remainder set with respect to the sequence $$(x_n)_{n \geq 1}$$ if there is a constant C such that $$ | {\rm card}\{n <N \; | \; x_{n} \in S\} - a N| <C . $$ Let $$ (x_n)_{n \geq 0} $$ be an s-dimensional Halton-type sequence obtained from a global function field, $$b \geq 2$$, $$\gamma =(\gamma_1,...,\gamma_s)$$, $$\gamma_i \in [0, 1)$$, with $$b$$-adic expansion $$\gamma_i= \gamma_{i,1}b^{-1}+ \gamma_{i,2}b^{-2}+...$$, $$i=1,...,s$$. In this paper, we prove that $$[0,\gamma_1) \times ...\times [0,\gamma_s)$$ is the bounded remainder set with respect to the sequence $$(x_n)_{n \geq 0}$$ if and only if \begin{equation} \nonumber \max_{1 \leq i \leq s} \max \{ j \geq 1 \; | \; \gamma_{i,j} \neq 0 \} < \infty. \end{equation}
We also obtain the similar results for a generalized Niederreiter sequences, Xing-Niederreiter sequences and Niederreiter-Xing sequences.