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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2021-22-1-118-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-936</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тропические последовательности, ассоциированные с последовательностями Сомоса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tropical sequences associated with Somos sequences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быковский</surname><given-names>Виктор Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykovskii</surname><given-names>Victor Alekseevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vab@iam.khv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Марк Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>Mark Anatolievich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">romanov@iam.khv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинов</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinov</surname><given-names>Alexey Vladimirovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ustinov.alexey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровское отделение Института прикладной математики ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Mathematics, Khabarovsk Division of FEB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровское отделение Института прикладной математики&#13;
ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Mathematics, Khabarovsk Division of FEB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровское отделение Института прикладной математики ДВО РАН, Тихоокеанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Mathematics, Khabarovsk Division of FEB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быковский В.А., Романов М.А., Устинов А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быковский В.А., Романов М.А., Устинов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykovskii V.A., Romanov M.A., Ustinov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/936">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/936</self-uri><abstract><p>Начиная с основополагающей заметки, опубликованной М. Сомосом в 1989 году, большое внимание специалистов по теории чисел и смежных областей привлекают нелинейныепоследовательности, удовлетворяющие квадратичному рекуррентному соотношению. При этом особое внимание уделяется вопросам построения целочисленных  последовательностей Сомоса и их лорановости относительно начальных значений и коэффициентов рекур рентного соотношения. В фундаментальных работах Робинсона, Фомина и Зелевинскогобыла доказана лорановость последовательности Сомос-k при k = 4, 5, 6, 7. В работах Хона были найдены представления для числовых последовательностей Сомос-4, 5 через сигма-функцию Вейерштрасса на эллиптических кривых, а при k = 6 — через значения сигма функции Клейна на гиперэллиптических кривых рода 2. Следует также отметить, что последовательности Сомоса естественным образом возникают при построении криптосистем на эллиптических и гиперэллиптических кривых над конечным полем. Это объясняется тем, что для вышеупомянутых последовательностей выполняются теоремы сложения, и они естественным образом возникают при вычислении кратных точек на эллиптических и гиперэллиптических кривых. При k = 4, 5, 6, 7 последовательности Сомоса представляют собой полиномы Лорана от k начальных переменных и обычные полиномы от коэффициентов рекуррентного соотношения. Поэтому эти полиномы Лорана можно записать в виде несократимой дроби с обычным полиномом в числителе с начальными значениями и коэффициентами в качестве переменных. При этом знаменатель записывается в виде монома от начальных переменных. С помощью тропических функций мы доказываем, что степени переменных вышеупомянутого монома представляются в виде квадратичных полиномов от порядкового номера элемента последовательности Сомоса, у которых свободные членыпредставляют собой периодические последовательности рациональных чисел. При этом в каждом случае в явном виде указываются соответствующие полиномы и периоды ихсвободных членов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since the seminal note published by M. Somos in 1989, a great deal of attention of specialists in number theory and adjacent areas are attracted by nonlinear sequences that satisfy a quadratic recurrence relation. At the same time, special attention is paid to the construction of Somos integer sequences and their Laurent property with respect to initial values and coefficients of a recurrence. In the fundamental works of Robinson, Fomin and Zelevinsky the Laurent property of the Somos-k sequence for k = 4, 5, 6, 7 was proved. In the works of Hone, representations for Somos-4 and 5 sequences were found via the Weierstrass sigma function on elliptic curves, and for k = 6 via the Klein sigma function on hyperelliptic curve of genus It should also be noted that the Somos sequences naturally arise in the construction of cryptosystems on elliptic and hyperelliptic curves over a finite field. This is explained by the reason that addition theorems hold for the sequences mentioned above, and they naturally arise when calculating multiple points on elliptic and hyperelliptic curves. For k = 4, 5, 6, 7, the Somos sequences are Laurent polynomials of k initial variables and ordinary polynomials in the coefficients of the recurrence relation. Therefore, these Laurent polynomials can be written as an irreducible fraction with an ordinary polynomial in the numerator with initial values and coefficients as variables. In this case, the denominator can be written as a monomial of the initial variables. Using tropical functions, we prove that the degrees of the variables of the above monomial can be represented as quadratic polynomials in the order index of the element of the Somos sequence, whose free terms are periodic sequences of rational numbers. Moreover, in each case these polynomials and the periods of their free  terms are written explicitly</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>последовательности Сомоса</kwd><kwd>тропические последовательности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Somos sequences</kwd><kwd>tropical sequences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Propp. The Somos Sequence Site. http://faculty.uml.edu/jpropp/somos.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. 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