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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2025-26-1-76-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-1934</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Классы унаров, близкие к плоским</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Classes of unars that are close to flat ones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пряничников</surname><given-names>Алексей Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pryanichnikov</surname><given-names>Alexey Mikhailovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">genary@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Квантом»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Quantom”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пряничников А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пряничников А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pryanichnikov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1934">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1934</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья посвящена описанию унаров, удовлетворяющих различным условиям, близким к плоскостности. И.А.Сахаровым было показано, что проективные унары совпадают со свободными и являются копроизведением лучей. Автором ранее были полно-стью описаны плоские унары. Данная статья продолжает это направление исследований и даёт полное описание унаров, близких к плоским, а именно: коуниверсально плоских,уравнительно плоских, слабо плоских, главно слабо плоских унаров, унаров без кручения, унаров, удовлетворяющих условию (Е) или (Р), точных, строго точных и регулярных унаров. Показано, что коуниверсально плоские унары совпадают с уравнительно плоскими и являются копроизведением прямых и лучей. Унары, удовлетворяющие условию (Р), плоские, слабо плоские, главно слабо плоские и унары без кручения совпадают и являются копроизведением прямых, лучей и циклов. Точные, строго точные, регулярные унары и унары, удовлетворяющие условию (Е) совпадают и являются в точности унарами, не содержащими цикл.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper is devoted to the description of unars satisfying various conditions that are close to flatness. I.A.Sakharov showed that projective unars coincide with free ones and are a coproduct of rays. Previously, the author obtained a complete description of flat unars. This paper continues this line of research and provides a complete description of unars that are close to flat ones, namely: pullback flat, equalizer flat, weakly flat, principally weakly flat, torsion free, unars with conditions (P) or (E), faithful, strongly faithful and regular ones. It is proved that pullback flat and equalizer flat unars coincide and are a coproduct of lines and rays. Unars satisfying condition (P), flat, weakly flat, principally weakly flat and torsion free ones coincide and are a coproduct of lines, rays and cycles. Faithful, strongly faithful, regular unars and unars satisfying condition (E) are exactly unars that do not contain a cycle.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полигон</kwd><kwd>полугруппа</kwd><kwd>унар</kwd><kwd>плоскостность.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>act</kwd><kwd>semigroup</kwd><kwd>unar</kwd><kwd>flatness.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кожухов И. Б., Михалёв А. В., Тищенко А.В. Избранные вопросы теории полугрупп: представления и многообразия полугрупп. М.: Интуит, 2021. 160 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozhukhov, I. B., Mikhalev &amp; A. V., Tishenko, A. 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