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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2024-25-5-262-276</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-1885</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История математики и приложений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Сomputer science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Масштабные эффекты микрополярной среды в задаче о кручении цилиндрического тела</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Size effects of micropolar medium in problem on the cylindrical body torsion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Александр Вячеславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>Alexander Vyacheslavovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">atomicra@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>262</fpage><lpage>276</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романов А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1885">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1885</self-uri><abstract><p>Для решения некоторых краевых задач микрополярной теории упругости в работе формулируется вариационный принцип Лагранжа в обобщённых кинематических полях применительно к материалам с центром симметрии произвольной анизотропии[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. Используя метод Ритца краевая задача приводится к тензорно-блочной системе линейных алгебраических уравнений. Для чего искомые кинематические векторные поля перемещений и микровращений раскладываются в ряд по базисным кусочно-полиномиальными функциям лагранжева(8-узлового КЭ) и серендипова (20-узлового КЭ) семейства[8, 14]. Для улучшения аппроксимации лагранжевыми многочленами(8-узлового КЭ), в том числе для почти несжимаемой среды, использован обобщенный метод редуцированного и селективного интегрирования[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit11">11</xref>]. Апробация построенной математической модели выполняется на задаче о кручении изотропного цилиндрического тела в рамках классической и микрополярной теории упругости с демонстрацией масштабного эффекта,в том числе по результатам экспериментальных данных [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit18">18</xref>]. Представлено сравнение полученного численного решения с аналитическим решением Сен-Венана[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit3">3</xref>] симметричной теории упругости; с аналитическим решением Готье, Ясмана[15, 16] и численным решением авторов [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit7">7</xref>] для микрополярной среды; с результатами эксперимента Лейкса[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit18">18</xref>]. При задании интегральных граничных условий(момента) на торцевой поверхности цилиндрического тела было использовано аналитическое распределение касательных и моментных напряжений [3, 15, 16].</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, a variational principle of Lagrange of micropolar theory of elasticity is formulated for a some boundary-value problems. Anisotropic, isotropic and centrally symmetric material are considered. The Ritz method is used to obtain a system of linear algebraic equations in a form of the tensor-block stiffness matrices. The macro-displacement and the micro-rotation are expressed as a sum of products of shape functions and the generalized kinematic nodal fields. For effective approximation of the nearly incompressible micropolar material the generalizedmethod of reduced and selective integration is used. For testing of described variational model the cylinder torsion problem of the classical and micropolar media is considered. Micropolar continuum exhibit substantial size effects in torsion(and bending)[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit18">18</xref>]: slender specimens are more rigid than anticipated via classical elasticity. Analytical solution which satisfy integral condition of torsion on the end faces is used.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>задача о кручении</kwd><kwd>микрополярная среда</kwd><kwd>континуум Коссера</kwd><kwd>моментная теория упругости</kwd><kwd>вариационный принцип</kwd><kwd>тензор изгиба-кручения</kwd><kwd>тензор моментных напряжений</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>матрица жесткости</kwd><kwd>редуцированное и селективное интегрирование</kwd><kwd>масштабный эффект кручения</kwd><kwd>относительная жёсткость.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>torsion problem</kwd><kwd>micropolar continuum</kwd><kwd>Cosserat continuum</kwd><kwd>couple stress theory</kwd><kwd>variational principle</kwd><kwd>rotation gradient tensor</kwd><kwd>couple stress tensor</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>stiffness matrix</kwd><kwd>reduced and selective integration</kwd><kwd>size effect of torsion</kwd><kwd>relative stiffness.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Победря Б.Е. 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