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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2024-25-5-216-227</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-1879</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариационные задачи в работах академика О. И. Сомова. Брахистохрона и таутохрона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variational problems in the works of academician O. I. Somov. Brachistochrone and tautochrone</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юлина</surname><given-names>Анна Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yulina</surname><given-names>Anna Olegovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">parfenova19761976@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет; Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering; Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>227</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юлина А.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юлина А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yulina A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1879">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1879</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлен анализ решений вариационных задач механики в работах академика О. И. Сомова (1815-1876). В 1869 году О. И. Сомов не только упрощает решение задачи Абеля, но и приводит фундаментальный вывод о расширении задачи таутохроны с поля силы тяжести на любое потенциальное поле. В статье показано, как Сомов, не используя интегралы Эйлера, находит дугу, пройденную телом в функции высоты, в том случае, когда время не зависит от высоты (таутохрона). Автор статьи подробно рассматривает, каким образом в кинематической и динамической задаче Сомов сразу же отказывается от декартовых координат, переходя на полярные координаты, избавляя читателя от бесконечных замен.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents an analysis of solutions to variational problems of mechanics in the worksof Academician O.I. Somov (1815-1876). In 1869 O.I. Somov not only simplifies the solution to Abel’s problem, but also gives a fundamental conclusion about extending the tautochrone problem from the gravity field to any potential field. The article shows how Somov, without using Euler integrals, finds the arc traversed by a body as a function of height, in the case when time does not depend on height (tautochrone). The author of the article examines in detail how, in a kinematic and dynamic problem, Somov immediately abandons Cartesian coordinates,switching to polar coordinates, saving the reader from endless substitutions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вариация</kwd><kwd>таутохрона</kwd><kwd>вариационная задача</kwd><kwd>задача Абеля.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Variation</kwd><kwd>tautochrone</kwd><kwd>variational problem</kwd><kwd>Abel problem.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юлина А.О. Таутохрона О.И. Сомова // История и педагогика естествознания. 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yulina, A.O. 2023, “O.I. Somov’s tautochrona ”, History and pedagogy of natural science, № 2, pp. 41–44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">№ 2. С. 41–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Somov, O.I. 1872, “Rational mechanics”, Kinematics. St. Petersburg. Printing house of the Imperial Academy of Sciences., 491 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сомов О.И. Рациональная механика // Кинематика. С.-Петербург. Типография Импера-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yulina, A.O. 2023, “O.I. Somov’s Mechanics”, History of science and technology, № 2, pp. 3–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">торской академии наук. 1872. 491 С.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yulina, A.O. 2023, “Vector calculus in Somov’s mechanics”, History of science and technology, № 3, pp. 26–33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юлина А.О. Механика О.И. Сомова // История науки и техники. 2023. № 2. С. 3-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abel, N.H. 1823, “Solution de quelques probl`emes `a l’aide d’int´egrales d´efinies”, Opl¨osning af et Par Opgaver ved. Hjelp af bestemte Integraler, 1823. p. 11–27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юлина А.О. 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S. 97-101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">the Imperial Academy of Sciences. St. Petersburg: Printing house of the Imperial Academy of</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сомов О.И. О решении одного вопроса механики, предложенного Абелем // Записки Императорской академии наук. Санкт-Петербург: Типография Императорской академии наук. Т. 9, кн. 1. 1866 г. Раздельная пагинация.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sciences, Vol. 9, book 1, Separate pagination.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
