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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2024-25-3-47-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-1814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Песочные паттерны на регулярном графе с вершинами степени восемь</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sandpile patterns on a regular graph of degree eight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гранин</surname><given-names>Павел Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Granin</surname><given-names>Pavel Vital’evich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">granininfo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Никита Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Nikita Sergeevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nikaanspb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>Артур Суренович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>Artur Surenovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">hckray@vladloh.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гуандун-Технион (Шаньтоу, Китай); Технион (г. Хайфа, Израиль).</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology (Shantou,China); Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (Haifa, Israel).</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гранин П.В., Калинин Н.С., Саакян А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гранин П.В., Калинин Н.С., Саакян А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Granin P.V., Kalinin N.S., Saakyan A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1814">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1814</self-uri><abstract><p>Система находится в критическом состоянии, если даже небольшое возмущение может привести к глобальным изменениям. Таковы, например, любые фазовые переходы: в воде, охлаждённой до нуля градусов, один центр кристаллизации быстро разрастается до большого кластера. Впервые концепцию самоорганизующейся критичности предложили Бэк, Тэнг и Вайзенфелд в 1987 году. В своей работе они описали систему, ставшую классической моделью самоорганизующейся критичности: на квадратной сетке в некоторых узлах лежат песчинки, суммарно конечное число. Если в одном из узлов лежит более трёх песчинок, происходит обвал: четыре песчинки из этого узла перераспределяется на соседние узлы, это может вызвать обвалы в них, потом в их соседях... Обвалы будут лавинообразно происходить до тех пор, пока система вновь не вернется в равновесное состояние, этот процесс называется релаксацией.В настоящей статье представлены результаты экспериментального и теоретическогоисследования следующей задачи. Рассмотрим регулярный граф, вершинами которого являются точки плоскости, обе координаты которых целые, и каждая вершина соединена с 8 ближайшими вершинами. В точку (0,0) положим большое числе песчинок и произведём релаксацию. Результат релаксации имеет очевидную фрактальную структуру, видимую в компьютерных экспериментах, и части этой структуры могут быть описаны.Мы классифицируем некоторые возникающие паттерны и предлагаем гипотезы о их устройстве (опираясь на похожие результаты для других регулярных графов). Доказаны оценки на среднее число песка в появляющихся паттернах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The system is in critical condition if even a small disturbance can lead to global changes.These are, for example, any phase transitions: in water cooled to zero degrees, one crystallizationcenter rapidly grows to a large cluster. The concept of self-organizing criticality was first proposed by Back, Tang and Weisenfeld in 1987. In their work, they described a system that has become a classic model of self-organizing criticality: on a square grid, in some nodes, there are grains of sand, a finite number in total. If there are more than three grains of sand in one of the nodes, a toppling occurs: four grains of sand from this node are redistributed to neighboring nodes, this can cause topplings in them, then in their neighbors... Collapses will occur in anavalanche-like manner until the system returns to an equilibrium state, this process is called relaxation.This article presents the results of an experimental and theoretical study of the following problem. Consider a regular graph whose vertices are points in the plane, both coordinates of which are integers, and each vertex is connected to the 8 nearest vertices. Put a large number of grains of sand at the point (0,0) and relax. The relaxation result has an obvious fractal structure, visible in computer experiments, and parts of this structure can be described.We classify some emerging patterns and propose hypotheses about their structure (based on similar results for other regular graphs). Estimates for the average number of sand in the emerging patterns are proved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>песочные модели</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная математика.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sandpile models</kwd><kwd>experimental math.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект 20-71-00007).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">I. Alevy and S. Mkrtchyan. 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