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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2015-16-2-35-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>УНИВЕРСАЛЬНОЕ ОБОБЩЕНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА ЦЕПНОЙ ДРОБИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>UNIVERSAL GENERALIZATION OF THE CONTINUED FRACTION ALGORITHM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюно</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bruno</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Брюно А.Д., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Брюно А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bruno A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/167">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/167</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>1</title><p>1. Простое обобщение. Пусть в трехмерном вещественном пространстве заданы три вещественные однородные линейные формы. Их модули дают отображение этого пространства в другое. В нем рассматривается выпуклая оболочка образов всех целочисленных точек первого простран­ ства, кроме его начала координат. Замыкание этой выпуклой оболочки названо модульным многогранником. Наилучшие целочисленные прибли­ жения к корневым подпространствам заданных форм дают точки, образы которых лежат на границе модульного многогранника. Граница модульно­ го многогранника вычисляется любой стандартной программой вычисле­ ния выпуклых оболочек. Алгоритм дает также периодичность для кубических иррациональностей с положительным дискриминантом. Обобщить цепную дробь пытались Эйлер, Якоби, Дирихле, Эрмит, Пуанкаре, Гур­ виц, Клейн, Минковский, Вороной и многие другие. 2. Универсальное обобщение. Пусть в n-мерном вещественном прос­ транстве Rn заданы l линейных и k квадратичных форм (n = l + 2k). Модули этих форм задают отображение пространства Rn в положитель­ ный ортант S = m-мерного вещественного пространства Rm R , m = l+k. m + При этом целочисленная решётка Zn в Rn отображается в некоторое мно­ жество Z в S. Замыкание выпуклой оболочки H множества Z\0 является многогранным множеством. Целочисленные точки из Rn, отображающи­ еся на границу ∂H многогранника H, дают наилучшие диофантовы при­ ближения к совокупности корневых подпространств m заданных форм. В алгебраическом случае, когда заданные формы определённым образом связаны с корнями многочлена степени n, доказывается, что многогран­ ник H имеет m−1 независимый период. Это обобщение теоремы Лагранжа о периодичности цепной дроби квадратичной иррациональности. По тео­реме Дирихле соответствующее поле алгебраических чисел имеет ровно m − 1 фундаментальных единиц. Граница ∂H многогранника H вычисля­ ется стандартной программой вычисления выпуклых оболочек.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>1</title><p>1. Simple generalization. Let three homogeneous real linear forms be given in a three-dimensional real space. Their moduli give a mapping of the space into another space. In the second space, we consider the convex hull of images of all integer points of the first space except its origin. This convex hull is called the modular polyhedron. The best integer approximations to the root subspaces of these forms are given by the integer points whose images lie on the boundary of the modular polyhedron. For the concret three linear forms, any part of the boundary of the modular polyhedron can be computed by means of any standard program for computation of a convex hull. The algorithm gives the best approximations, and it is periodic for cubic irrationalities with positive discriminant. It also allows to understand why matrix algorithms proposed by Euler, Jacobi, Dirichlet, Hermite, Poincare, Hurwitz, Brun, Guting and others are not universal: proper algorithm is composed from several different matrix algorithms. 2. Universal generalization. Let l linear forms and k quadratic forms (n = l + 2k) be given in the n-dimensional real space Rn. Absolute values of the forms define a map of the space Rn into the positive orthant S of the mdimensional real space Rm, where m = l + k. Here the integer lattice Zn in Rn is mapped into a set Z in S. The closure of the convex hull H of the set Z\0 is a polyhedral set. Integer points from Rn, which are mapped in the boundary ∂H of the polyhedron H, give the best Diophantine approximations to root subspaces of all given forms. In the algebraic case, when the given forms are connected with roots of a polynomial of degree n, we prove that the polyhedron H has m − 1 independent periods. It is a generalization of the Lagrange Theorem, that continued fractions of a square irrationality is periodic. For the certain set of the m forms, any part of the boundary ∂H of the polyhedron H can be computed by a program for computing convex hulls. 3. Main achievement. Best Diophantine approximations can be computed by a global algorithm using a standard program for computing convex hulls, instead of step-by-step computations as in the continued fraction algorithm. It gives a solution of the problem, that majority of main mathematicians of the XIX century tried to solve.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цепная дробь</kwd><kwd>модульный многогранник</kwd><kwd>программа вычисления выпуклого многогранника</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>continued fraction</kwd><kwd>modular polyhedron</kwd><kwd>program for computing convex hull</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Венков Б. А. Элементарная теория чисел. М.-Л.: ОНТИ, 1937.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venkov, BA 1937, Elementary theory of numbers, ONTI, Moscow–Leningrad.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хинчин А. Я. Цепные дроби. 3-е изд. 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