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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cheb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Чебышевский сборник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chebyshevskii Sbornik</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-8383</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tula State Lev Tolstoy  Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22405/2226-8383-2021-22-3-405-422</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cheb-1099</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История математики и приложений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Сomputer science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пафнутий Львович Чебышев: человек науки на службе России (к 200-летию со дня рождения)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pafnutiy Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894), a man of science in the service of Russia (On the occasion of the bicentennial of his birth)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонов</surname><given-names>Алексей Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonov</surname><given-names>Aleksey Aleksandrovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.tikhonov@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>405</fpage><lpage>422</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихонов А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихонов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhonov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1099">https://www.chebsbornik.ru/jour/article/view/1099</self-uri><abstract><p>4 мая (16 н.ст.) 1821 г. родился П.Л. Чебышев (1821–1894) — великий русский ученый, представляющий гордость и славу нашего Отечества. В связи с 200-летним юбилеемП.Л. Чебышева предлагается ретроспективный взгляд на современную ему эпоху и делается попытка осмысления роли гениальной личности не только в истории науки и техники, но и в истории России, которой он служил всеми своими талантами, в том числе научным и педагогическим. Приводятся сведения о традиции служения Отечеству в семье Чебышевых. Дается краткий обзор работы П.Л. Чебышева в течение 48 лет в Императорской СПб Академии наук. Приводятся воспоминания современников о работе П.Л. Чебышева в течение 35 лет в Императорском Санкт-Петербургском университете. Рассматривается работаП.Л. Чебышева в течение 40 лет в Артиллерийском отделении Военно-ученого комитета.Более подробно анализируется работа П.Л. Чебышева в течение 17 лет в Ученом комитете Министерства народного просвещения. Выясняется его роль в реформе образования(1863-1864), инициированной Императором Александром II, в частности - в разработке общеуниверситетского устава 1863 г., в составлении рекомендательной библиографии, впостановке преподавания математики в начальных школах России, в систематической подготовке инженеров в России. Кратко освещается роль П.Л. Чебышева в создании русскойматематической школы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>On May 4 (16 new style), P.L. Chebyshev was born - a great Russian scientist who represents the pride and glory of our Fatherland. In connection with the 200th anniversary of P.L. Chebyshev, a retrospective look at his contemporary era is offered and an attempt is made to comprehend the role of a genius personality not only in the history of science andtechnology, but also in the history of Russia, which he served with all his talents, including scientific and pedagogical. The report provides information about the tradition of serving theFatherland in the Chebyshev family. A brief overview of the work of P.L. Chebyshev for 48 years at the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences is presented. The memoirs of contemporaries about the work of P.L. Chebyshev for 35 years at the Imperial St. Petersburg University are discussed. The work of P.L. Chebyshev for 40 years in the Artillery Department of the Military Scientific Committee is considered. The work of P.L. Chebyshev for 17 years in the Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Public Education is analyzed. Its role in the educational reform (1863-1864) initiated by Emperor Alexander II is clarified, in particular in the development of the general university charter of 1863, in the compilation of recommendatory bibliography, in the organization of teaching mathematics in primary schools in Russia, in the systematic training of engineers in Russia. The role of P.L. Chebyshev in the creation of the Russian mathematical school is briefly highlighted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Чебышев П.Л.</kwd><kwd>200 лет</kwd><kwd>биография.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chebyshev P.L.</kwd><kwd>200th anniversary</kwd><kwd>biography.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прудников В. Е. Пафнутий Львович Чебышев. – Л.: Изд-во “Наука”, 1976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prudnikov, V. E. 1976, “Pafnutii Lvovich Chebyshev”, Leningrad, “Nauka” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чебышев П. Л. Полное собрание сочинений. Т. 5. Прочие сочинения. Биографические материалы. –М.–Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1951. – 474 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chebyshev, P. 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